Sanskrit is like the Latin of India: an ancient language which gave birth to many of its present-day languages, besides having a huge body of important works written in it. Hindi, like most of the other languages of northern India, comes from Sanskrit. The Hindi heartland is New Delhi and the upper Ganges river, the area that stretches between Bengal and Punjab. Most young people with education know it. It is a language of government in Pakistan.Ībout half the people in India know Hindi, a fourth as their first language. Unlike other forms of Hindi, it is written with Persian letters and has more words from Persian and Arabic. Urdu, a form of Hindustani, is spoken mainly by Muslims, especially those who fled to Pakistan when India became independent. Hindustani, used by Gandhi, Bollywood films and schools, is the best understood dialect. It is also spoken in Fiji and the Caribbean, where the British Empire sent contract workers in the 1800s. Hindi (933- ) is the largest language in India and the largest in the world after Chinese and English.
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